Arduino Delphi Serial Communication With Arduino Download
Download ZIP. Simple updated examples of arduino serial communications Raw. Arduinomultibyteserialexample1.pde /.-. SERIAL COM - HANDELING MULTIPLE BYTES inside ARDUINO - 01simple version. by beltran berrocal. this prog establishes a connection with the pc and waits for it to send him.
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Delphi tutorial: serial comms, i.e. using the COM port
Bi-directional Communications
'Master'/'Slave' two computer system
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WARNING..
I am old fashioned. I disavow any responsibility for things you may elect to do. In particular, I disavow any responsibility for any consequences arising from connections you make between devices. You can't just plug 'anything' into your computer or anything else!. In particular, make sure that you aren't assuming that an RS-232 interface can be connected directly to, say, an Arduino or BASICstamp, or PIC or other microprocessor. There are notes on some of those issues on my serial ports page, for those of you who need them.
Enough 'lawyer feeding'.. let's turn to the Fun Stuff..
If you have already read my page 'dt4r' (the illustrations just a little way down the page will be familiar), you can jump ahead to material HERE that isn't duplicated THERE!
This is one of the more advanced tutorials in a series which shows you how to link two devices using serial comms. In the tutorials, the 'devices' are a Windows PC running programs written with Delphi and an Arduino.. neat little, inexpensive, fun, capable microprocessor. However: Either device could be replaced by another.. many of the issues discussed here are general, but I find that principles are best understood when backed up by examples of their application.
Click here if you want to know more about the sourceand format of these pages. It may be easier to read this if you re-size the window, so that it does not use the full width of your screen.
The Delphi sourcecode is available for download. The Arduino sourcecode is presented here in full, and you can copy it and paste it into your Arduino development environment for compilation and upload to your Arduino.
This page are a bit rough and ready. Explanations are sketchy. But the code DOES work. I'll try to come back to this and improve it later.
Challenge
Before I present the tutorial: A challenge for you: If you are an advocate of another language, write whatever is needed to connect a PC (or other device) to the Arduino with switch and LED and Arduino program as presented here. In other words, replace what is plugged into the Arduino, but leave the Arduino side of things as it is in the essay below.
If you succeed, and publish the details, with full sourcecode for the language of your choice, I would be glad to post a link to your work here, just send me the URL.
Right.. onward..
Two computers; one system
For many years, for a number of different reasons, I've wanted to hook a microprocessor to a 'big' computer, and have them talk to one another. These days (August 2010) I am using the wonderful Arduino for microprocessor projects, and a Windows XP computer for my 'main' work. The material below could be used with other devices. In particular, if your objective is to connect some serial device to a 'big' PC, you will find helpful material, I hope.
In the diagram below, if you assume that the 'some serial device' is a PC, you see two PCs attached to the Arduino. The one on the left is there for when you are setting up the Arduino to do whatever you want it to do with the other PC. It would normally unplugged, taken away after the system had been built.
The set up above is pretty general. Even without restricting what it implies, you can have two scenarios.
In order to explain the scenarios, I need to say what I mean by 'Master' and 'Slave' in the rest of this essay. A 'master' device is in charge. The 'slave' device will 'speak when spoken to'. It may get on with various things when it isn't commanded by the master to be doing other things, but it will not 'come up' on the serial channel, aka 'serial link' between master and slave unless the master has told it to. The master may 'speak' to the slave in an imperious manner, just issuing a command, and assuming the slave will execute it without any reply. If, for instance, there was an LED attached to the slave, the master might send a 'turn LED on' command'. Or, the master might 'say' 'Turn on the LED, and tell me that you've done it.' In the latter case, the master would have to be programmed to look for the slave's reply.
You can build systems like the above in which the 'Some Serial Device' is the master, and the Arduino is the slave, and you can build systems the other way around (Arduino as master, other serial device as slave.) In the work so far within this tutorial, an example of a Windows XP computer as master, with an Arduino as slave has been created. (The hard parts of doing the reverse are all solved, and part of the first solution.)
It is all well and good thinking in general terms, but eventually it is necessary to get down to cases. For the work to be discussed, this is the set-up I was using..
The Wulfden module is a neat, inexpensive solution to the problems arising from the fact that the PC uses RS-232 serial comms and the Arduino is a TLL device. I'll try to expand on that later. (See my serial port page, for a badly written 'answer', in the meantime.('Hardware' section, near top.)) N.B.: The 'Rx'/'Tx' markings on the device, and on the diagram above cause people no end of confusion. They stand for 'transmit' and 'receive'.. but relative to which device??? There's a signal FROM the PC TO the Arduino that is marked 'Tx' above. and we are transmitting from the PC to the Arduino.. but the Arduino might well call that line 'Rx', as it is the line the Arduino is receiving on. Not rocket science, but easy to get turned around. Follow the diagram: Connect the signal marked 'Tx' on the PA4B to digital pin '3' of the Arduino, the signal marked 'Rx' on the PA4B to digital pin '4' of the Arduino, enter the Arduino programs given below, and all will be well.
I suppose this is the place to say something about the connection from the PC running the Arduino Development Environment to the Arduino. It goes to digital pins 0 and 1. I'm not doing anything 'clever' here.. that's just the normal connection, over which you send programs ('sketches') to the Arduino from the PC where they are compiled.
Apologies for that little diversion. The problems this tutorial sets about solving are rife with 'little details', all of which have to be Got Right.
Jumping Ahead
Some day I will re-write all of this, and give you tutorials of my usual style.. nice, progressive, help you understand what's happening bit by bit tutorials.
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At the moment, the best I can offer you, by way of a 'gentle' path to the material which is farther down the page you are reading now is an early draft of tutorials about DD81 and DD82. That page starts with much of what you've already seen, if you read to here from the top of the page. But at the point on that page corresponding to this point, things change.
I don't have time to write it like that now. The work of developing the code is well along. The code needs rough edges 'sanded', but it WORKS. So for now, I will tell you about the 'final' (for now!) 'masterpiece'. I'm doing that in the page you are reading. The stages I followed to reach the 'final' (for now!) stage are explained in the page I gave you a link to a moment ago.
You can download the free sourcecode for DD83. The zip file also includes a compiled copy of the application. The compiled version is hard coded to operate on COM1 at 9600, with no handshake.
If you run that, you should see................
If it is connected to an Arduino, and the Arduino is running the right software (we'll come to that), and the Arduino has the LED and switch shown above, then..
If a user clicks on the 'Turn LED On' or 'Turn LED Off' buttons, on screen, on the 'big' PC, and the LED on the Arduino will go on or off. If a user presses the switch connected to the Arduino, and the text near the top of the DD83 window will change, to reflect the state of the switch. (When both DD83 and the program in the Arduino are running, the '.. when last checked' qualification becomes academic.. the switch is checked by the Arduino, and what the Arduino found is checked by DD83 many times per second.)
Clear? Exciting? It should be! With the ideas in the software here, many, many things become possible. The 'switch' could be a temperature sensor. The 'LED' could be the heating for a home. And the 'LED' (heating) could be turned on automatically whenever the temperature detected was too low. Pretty expensive 'thermostat', but just an illustration.
There are a lot of rems in that Delphi code to help you understand what is going on. You don't, by the way, have to do this with Delphi or with a Windows computer as the master. If you know how to connect something else to a serial stream, and can send things to the Arduino over a 'Tx to other device' line, and read bytes received over a 'Rx from other device' line, you can use the Arduino code I've presented here with the software and serial device of your choosing. I challenge my Arduino friends to do the fairly simple exercise of writing Arduino code to have another Arduino in place of the Windows XP computer in the diagram above. That 'master Arduino' would only need a switch and an LED to be 'powerful' enough to take the place of the Windows XP machine. The switch would take the place of the 'Turn LED On' / 'Turn LED Off' buttons, and the LED would take the place of the 'Input due to (other!) switch was high/ low..' text. (If you can work up such a device without repeatedly getting confused as to which LED is controlled, and which is reporting, etc, ,my hat is off to you. Would the whole thing be 'symmetrical', apart from one Arduino being master, the other slave? I think I'll leave worrying about that for another day when my brain is fresher!) I think it would LOOK symmetrical.. but wouldn't actually be symmetrical 'inside'. Either switch would control the LED on the OTHER Arduino..?
But! Back to today's problem: 'All' you need now is the code to be run in the Arduino. That is as follows.
A little detail: The screenshot for DD83 (above) says that 'SerialAsSlave2' should be running in the Arduino. That should read 'Arduino program 'SerialArdAsSlave2' suitable for slave.'
One more detail.. the rems in the following and much else have not been 'polished'. There may well be duplications, scraps which moved forward from program to program as the solution was developed. Sorry. I'll work on them, but I can't do that soon.
There (above) you have it! A system that I've been trying to build for 20 years.
It could be adapted quite easily to make things work the other way around: With the PC as Slave, Arduino as Master. The 'hard parts' of that are done, and in DD83. I look forward to doing that project.. :-)
Many, many of the underlying concepts upon which this system is built.. especially the part in the Windows PC.. were discussed, explained, etc, earlier in the series of tutorials which led to this one. In particular the one about DD80 is worth a visit if you are puzzled about things.
This isn't the place to explain the general principles of serial ports to you. I have a separate page with more general serial port information. (At 2 Apr 10, that page has a number of topics which need further development, but it already has some useful things for you.. among them information on RS-232 to TTL level shifting, and how to use an inexpensive USB device to provide your PC with a virtual serial port which works fine with the software developed in this tutorial. If you look a little farther, I think you will find that there are 'serial port proxies', which allow you to have 'a serial port'.. on a computer that you are only 'connected' to across a LAN, or even across the internet! Serial ports are NOT 'easy', but they have been earning their keep for many, many years. Master them, and you have access to all sorts of things.)
In most of my tutorials, I guide you through building it from scratch. For DD83, I think it would be better if you just load the finished sourcecode.
Not now.. but eventually, I will try to provide you with notes on parts of that code.
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